Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, resulting in compromised mechanical strength of the skeleton in the absence of a mineralization defect. With the progressive aging of the global population, the incidence of osteoporosis is increasing. The condition is most frequently observed in postmenopausal women. The lifetime risk of symptomatic vertebral compression fractures has been reported to be approximately 16% in women and 5% in men. These fractures are among the leading causes of morbidity and disability associated with osteoporosis.

A substantial proportion of individuals with osteoporosis present to healthcare facilities with complaints of thoracic or lumbar pain following low-energy trauma or minor falls. Radiological assessments commonly reveal marked vertebral body compression fractures. Vertebral fractures represent the most prevalent type of fragility fractures in osteoporotic patients. In a subset of cases, fracture progression may occur despite appropriate medical therapy. Rehabilitation programs are structured to include targeted exercises with the objectives of optimizing spinal alignment, preventing or reducing kyphotic deformity, maintaining postural stability, and strengthening axial musculature.