Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, leading to an increased risk of fractures. Among osteoporotic fractures, vertebral fractures are the most common, significantly reducing patients` quality of life while also increasing morbidity and mortality. Accurate classification of these fractures is critical for appropriate treatment planning, risk stratification, and prognosis assessment. Various classification systems have been developed based on imaging findings, biomechanical stability, and clinical significance. Among the contemporary classifications, those proposed by the `Osteoporotic Fractures` working group of the German Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (DGOU), as well as the classification introduced by Zhang and Hao are now widely used in conservative and surgical treatment planning of osteoporotic spine fractures. This review provides an overview of the most commonly used classification systems for osteoporotic vertebral fractures, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and clinical applications. A standardized and widely accepted classification system is essential for optimizing patient management and improving clinical outcomes.